A hammertoe is a toe that bends downward at the middle joint instead of lying flat. This change in position most often affects the second toe, although it can develop in other toes as well. At first, the toe may still move freely, but it can become more rigid as the condition progresses. The abnormal bend can create pressure inside a shoe and cause pain while walking. Corns and calluses sometimes develop where the toe rubs against the shoe. A podiatrist can evaluate the shape of the toe, identify the cause of the deformity, and recommend treatment that improves comfort and function.

Several factors can contribute to a hammertoe. Muscle and tendon imbalance is one of the leading causes because it changes how the toe moves. Tendons are strong bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones and help control movement. Arthritis, previous injuries, and shoes that lack proper support can also increase the risk. Shoes that fit too tightly around the toes can place added pressure on the joints and make the deformity worse. A podiatrist performs a physical examination and checks how well the toe moves. X-rays help evaluate the position of the bones and determine how advanced the deformity has become.

Treatment depends on the severity of the hammertoe and how much it affects daily activities. A podiatrist can recommend custom orthotics to improve foot alignment and reduce pressure on the affected toe. Other treatment options include padding and splints to improve flexibility and support better movement. Prescription medications can also help reduce pain and inflammation. When the toe becomes stiff or other treatments do not provide enough relief, surgery can straighten the toe and improve function. Early treatment helps prevent the deformity from becoming more severe and supports healthier movement. If you have symptoms of hammertoe, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Hammertoe

Hammertoes can be a painful condition to live with. For more information, contact one of our podiatrists from David A. Scalzo, DPM, PC and Associates. Our doctors will answer any of your foot- and ankle-related questions.

Hammertoe is a foot deformity that affects the joints of the second, third, fourth, or fifth toes of your feet. It is a painful foot condition in which these toes curl and arch up, which can often lead to pain when wearing footwear.

Symptoms

• Pain in the affected toes
• Development of corns or calluses due to friction
• Inflammation
• Redness
• Contracture of the toes

Causes

Genetics – People who are genetically predisposed to hammertoe are often more susceptible

Arthritis – Because arthritis affects the joints in your toes, further deformities stemming from arthritis can occur

Trauma – Direct trauma to the toes could potentially lead to hammertoe

Ill-fitting shoes – Undue pressure on the front of the toes from ill-fitting shoes can potentially lead to the development of hammertoe

Treatment

Orthotics – Custom made inserts can be used to help relieve pressure placed on the toes and therefore relieve some of the pain associated with it

Medications – Oral medications such as anti-inflammatories or NSAIDs could be used to treat the pain and inflammation hammertoes causes. Injections of corticosteroids are also sometimes used

Surgery – In more severe cases where the hammertoes have become more rigid, foot surgery is a potential option

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Duryea, PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

An ingrown toenail develops when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin instead of over it. This problem most often affects the big toe and can become increasingly painful if left untreated. Early symptoms include tenderness, swelling, and redness along the edge of the nail. As the nail continues to press into the skin, the area can become warm, inflamed, or at risk of an infection. Walking, exercising, or wearing shoes can become uncomfortable because of the added pressure on the affected toe. Several factors can contribute to ingrown toenails, including improper nail trimming, toe injuries, and naturally curved nails. A professional evaluation is important to confirm the diagnosis and determine the most appropriate treatment before the condition worsens.

Without proper care, an ingrown toenail may continue to irritate the surrounding skin and increase the risk of infection. In some cases, the tissue around the nail becomes swollen and may begin to grow over the nail's edge. Persistent pain can also affect normal walking patterns, placing additional stress on other parts of the foot. Individuals with diabetes or poor circulation may face a greater risk of complications because healing can take longer. A comprehensive podiatry examination helps evaluate the severity of the ingrown toenail while identifying any signs of infection or underlying foot conditions. Early diagnosis allows treatment to begin before the problem becomes more painful or leads to additional complications.

A podiatrist specializes in diagnosing and treating ingrown toenails, while protecting the overall health of the foot. Professional treatment focuses on relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and preventing future complications. Care is tailored to each patient's condition and may include procedures designed to safely correct the problem. Regular podiatry visits also allow ongoing monitoring for patients who are at higher risk of recurring nail problems. If you have persistent toe pain, swelling, or signs of an ingrown toenail, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for an evaluation and appropriate treatment options.

Ingrown toenails can become painful if they are not treated properly. For more information about ingrown toenails, contact one of our podiatrists of David A. Scalzo, DPM, PC and Associates. Our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Ingrown Toenails

Ingrown toenails occur when a toenail grows sideways into the bed of the nail, causing pain, swelling, and possibly infection.

Causes

• Bacterial infections
• Improper nail cutting such as cutting it too short or not straight across
• Trauma to the toe, such as stubbing, which causes the nail to grow back irregularly
• Ill-fitting shoes that bunch the toes too close together
• Genetic predisposition

Prevention

Wearing proper fitting shoes and using proper cutting techniques will also help decrease your risk of developing ingrown toenails.

Treatment

Ingrown toenails are a very treatable foot condition. In minor cases, soaking the affected area in salt or antibacterial soaps will not only help with the ingrown nail itself, but also help prevent any infections from occurring. In more severe cases, surgery is an option. In either case, speaking to your podiatrist about this condition will help you get a better understanding of specific treatment options that are right for you.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Duryea, PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Diabetes can place the feet and lower legs at risk when nerve damage reduces feeling and poor circulation slows healing. A small cut, blister, or pressure spot can become a deep sore without causing much pain. Infection can then spread into tissue or bone, raising the risk of limb loss. Other warning signs include redness, swelling, and drainage. A change in foot shape or skin color also deserves prompt attention. Patients should not wait for pain before seeking care because reduced sensation can hide a serious problem.

Regular visits to a podiatrist are an important part of preventing these complications. A podiatrist can check blood flow, skin condition, and the ability to feel touch or temperature. The exam also identifies corns, calluses, and nail problems before they cause wounds. When a sore is present, the podiatrist can measure its depth and check for infection. Imaging can reveal bone damage or a hidden fracture. Treatment includes professional wound care, removal of damaged tissue, and pressure relief. Custom orthotics or special shoes can protect vulnerable areas. For severe problems, a podiatrist can coordinate advanced wound treatment or surgery with other medical specialists.

Early attention offers the best chance to protect the foot and lower leg. Regular examinations allow a podiatrist to monitor changes and adjust treatment before an injury becomes harder to heal. Patients should report new sores, warmth, or unusual odors promptly. They should also seek care for cracked skin, changes in nail color, or shoes that suddenly feel tight. A podiatrist can safely trim problem nails and treat thick calluses. Education about proper shoes and routine foot checks helps patients recognize concerns early. Working closely with a podiatrist can reduce infection, preserve mobility, and lower the risk of losing a limb. If you have foot complications from diabetes, it is suggested that you are under the care of a podiatrist who can help you to manage this serious condition. 

Limb salvage can be an effective way in preventing the need for limb amputation. If you have diabetes, cancer, or any other condition that could lead to foot amputation if left unchecked, consult with one of our podiatrists from David A. Scalzo, DPM, PC and Associates. Our doctors will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment.

What Is Limb Salvage?

Limb salvage is the attempt of saving a limb, such as the foot from amputation. Podiatrists also try to make sure that there is enough function in the foot after the salvage that it is still usable. Diabetes is the number one cause of non-traumatic amputations in the United States. Those with diabetes experience poor blood circulation, which prevents proper healing of an ulcer. If the ulcer is left uncheck, it could become infected, which could result in the need for amputation.

However, there are other causes as well, such as cancer and traumatic injury. Links between higher mortality rates and amputation have been found. This translates into higher healthcare costs, and a reduced quality of life and mobility for amputees. Podiatrists have attempted to increase the prevalence of limb salvage in an attempt to solve these issues.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Limb salvage teams have grown in recent years that utilize a number of different treatments to save the infected limb. This includes podiatrists that specialize in wound care, rehabilitation, orthotics, and surgery. Through a combination of these methods, limb salvage has been found to be an effective treatment for infected limbs, and as an alternative to amputation. Podiatrists will first evaluate the potential for limb salvage and determine if the limb can be saved or must be amputated. 

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Duryea, PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Heel pain in children often occurs during periods of rapid growth. Sever’s disease is frequently linked to overuse and strain on the developing structures of the foot. Children between the ages of eight and 14 are especially at risk because their bones may grow faster than the surrounding muscles and tendons. This imbalance can place added tension on the heel, leading to irritation and pain. Active children who participate in sports that involve running and jumping may experience this condition more often.

Symptoms of heel pain in children include tenderness at the back or bottom of the heel, discomfort during physical activity, and stiffness after rest. Some children may limp or avoid placing full weight on the affected foot. Pain may increase during sports and improve with rest, but it can return when activity resumes. In some cases, swelling or tightness in the calf muscles may also be present. Early recognition of these symptoms can help prevent worsening discomfort and support proper healing.

The main cause of heel pain in children, often called Sever’s disease, can be related to growth spurts. During their adolescent years, the heel bone grows rapidly, while the surrounding muscles and tendons may not keep pace. This can lead to increased tension on the heel. Repetitive impact from sports and physical activities can further strain the area. Relief often includes stretching exercises to improve flexibility and reduce stress on the heel. Parents should never push children through heel pain, as this can lead to more serious issues.

Risk factors for heel pain in children include high levels of physical activity, tight calf muscles, and participation in sports played on hard surfaces. Early attention is important for maintaining comfort and mobility. If your active child has heel pain, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for effective relief and management solutions.

Sever's disease often occurs in children and teens. If your child is experiencing foot or ankle pain, see one of our podiatrists from David A. Scalzo, DPM, PC and Associates. Our doctors can treat your child’s foot and ankle needs.

Sever’s Disease

Sever’s disease is also known as calcaneal apophysitis, which is a medical condition that causes heel pain I none or both feet. The disease is known to affect children between the ages of 8 and 14.

Sever’s disease occurs when part of the child’s heel known as the growth plate (calcaneal epiphysis) is attached to the Achilles tendon. This area can suffer injury when the muscles and tendons of the growing foot do not keep pace with bone growth. Therefore, the constant pain which one experiences at the back of the heel will make the child unable to put any weight on the heel. The child is then forced to walk on their toes.

Symptoms

Acute pain – Pain associated with Sever’s disease is usually felt in the heel when the child engages in physical activity such as walking, jumping and or running.

Highly active – Children who are very active are among the most susceptible in experiencing Sever’s disease, because of the stress and tension placed on their feet.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Duryea, PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.